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At the Electric Power System there is the use of electronic components that are generally used in a series of electric motors settings. Electronic components used in electric power system in principle should be capable of producing great power or be able to withstand large power dissipation.
Include switching power electronics, control and converter (conversion) large blocks of electric power by means of semiconductor devices. Thus the power electronics broadly divided into 2 (two) parts:
1. Power series
2. Control circuit
In the following picture shows the relationship between the two sets above are integrated into one, where both the many advantages of semiconductor devices.
Talking about the frequency of electricity can not be separated from the analysis of power plants / generators, because the source from there. For non-electrical distinguished schools that still lack what is the frequency I am trying to love the picture here.
Actual frequency characteristics of the voltage which is generated by the generator. So if said frequency of 50 Hz, which means the voltage produced by a generator changes its value against time, the value is changed repeatedly as many as 50 cycles per second. so the voltage from zero to a maximum value (+) and then zero again and then to the maximum value but the direction turning (-) and then zero again and so on (if depicted graphically will form a sinusoidal wave) and this happened very quickly within a distinguished, 50 cycle in one second. So if we look at electrical loads such as lamps, in fact it has been repeatedly stresses lost (aka zero), but because it occurred within a very fast then the lights are still alive.
So if we observe this phenomenon and try to experiment, let's make a case if a low frequency, which we take a conservative such as 1 Hz, what happens then every one second voltage will be lost and then the lights will look life and death over and over again like a light flip-flop (see animation on the right).
From the above analysis we can pull the conclusion that for the stability of the electrical load required a high frequency voltage to be really smooth (do not feel the life-death). Well now the question arises why 50 hz or 60 hz why not made any eminence all 100 hz or 1000 hz'll really smooth. to understand this we must trace analysis forced through the generator. Voltage-frequency which is distinguished also called alternating voltage (alternating current) or VAC, frequency is proportional to the rotation generator. The formula N = 120f / P N = rotation (rpm) f = frequency (hz) P = number of generator poles, typically P = 4
By using the formula above, to produce a frequency of 50 Hz then the generator must be rotated by rotation N = 1500 rpm, and to produce a frequency generator 60 hz then need to be rotated with 1800 rpm spin, so the faster we play the greater frequency generator. Well then what's the problem? why do not we just turn the generator with a super fast lap I'll produce a big frequency so that the voltage benar2 fine. If we want to play then we need a turbine generator, the higher the rotation we want then the greater the required power turbine, and subsequently the greater energy required to rotate the turbine. If the source of steam energy, the more multiply steam required, and the greater the amount of fuel required, and so on and so on.
The generator and turbine manufacturers certainly has limitations and certainly after the producers experimented with dozens of years to consider all the technical angle yangg then be made to the standard 50 Hz and 60 Hz it, which of course was considered quite effective for load stability and efficient technical and economical terms. Europe uses 50 Hz and Americans use 60 hz. After the standardization of all electrical equipment is designed to follow this provision. So logically if 50 Hz or 60 Hz alone was able to make the invisible light blinking to let alone made a higher frequency that will require a turbine super-tight and energy resources more efficiently so it does not.
Both the voltage and frequency of the generator can vary the amount based on the range from zero load to full load. often we meet the specifications mentioned plus minus 10% voltage and frequency of plus minus 5%. This means that the electricity supply system / generator must be designed at full load voltage drop does not exceed 10% and at zero load voltage does not rise more than 10%, as well as frequency.
